Ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, socioeconomic and floristic studies of aromatic and medicinal plants from Boulemane region in Morocco

Firdaous REMOK; Aziz DRIOICHE; Soukaina SAIDI; Salima BOUTAHIRI; Aman Allah GOURICH; Ayoub ASBABOU; Khalid ZIBOUH; Nadia ZEKRI; Hamid KHAMAR; Touriya ZAIR

doi:10.55779/nsb16311863

Authors

Firdaous REMOK University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Aziz DRIOICHE University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Soukaina SAIDI University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes; University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Faculty of Science and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Beni Mellal (MA)
Salima BOUTAHIRI University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Aman Allah GOURICH University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Ayoub ASBABOU University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Khalid ZIBOUH University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Nadia ZEKRI University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)
Hamid KHAMAR University Mohammed V in Rabat, Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Scientific Institute, PB 703, Rabat 10106 (MA)
Touriya ZAIR University Moulay Ismail, Faculty of Sciences, Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, PB 11201, Zitoune, Meknes (MA)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb16311863

Keywords:

aromatic and medicinal plants, Boulemane, ethnopharmacological study, Fez-Meknes, floristic study, socioeconomic study, sustainable development, surveys

Abstract

These studies were conducted to uncover the potential and traditional knowledge of aromatic and medicinal plants (AMP) in the Boulemane province of the Middle Atlas, an area previously unexplored. The objectives were to inventory and identify AMP used in the region’s traditional medicine, gather extensive information from locals and professionals on their usage and exploitation, and identify the most promising species for further studies, to be highlighted in future publications. The floristic study enabled the identification of 71 families out of 155 existing in Morocco, comprising 313 genera and 618 species and subspecies, which represent 11% of the global Moroccan floristic richness. Additionally, 84 taxa from 20 families are endemic with 78% being exclusive to Morocco. The ethnopharmacological study revealed that 88.47% of the informants use AMP for therapeutic purposes in 58.21% of the cases. A catalog of traditional practices was compiled, documenting 79 species across 38 families. Rosemary, sagebrush, pennyroyal, thyme, berber cedar, lavender sage, and clubroot were the most frequently cited species, mainly used to treat stomach and respiratory problems. However, only 17.6% of the population exploits this wealth through the creation of cooperatives and/or associations. This study assessed the role of AMP in fostering sustainable development in the region. The evaluation was based on a series of studies, with particular emphasis on the ethnopharmacological aspect. The latter has facilitated the promotion of awareness of sustainable usage practices and the training of professionals to implement these practices while ensuring the conservation of botanical resources against over-exploitation.

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