Investigation of the Breeding Mechanism of African Yam Bean [Fabaceae] (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst. Ex. A. Rich) Harms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb10210236Keywords:
allogamy; autogamy; emasculation; pollination mechanisms; selfing rate; outcrossing rateAbstract
The many reported inherent nutritional potential in African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. Ex. A. Rich.) Harms) seem to provide platform for the need of its genetic improvement. A good understanding of the breeding system of the crop species is a needed criterion in plant breeding program. Four accessions of African yam bean (AYB) collected from the Genetic Resources Centre of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria were grown out in a fifteen plants/accession row on a field at IITA, Ibadan (7.5°N, 3.9°E), Nigeria. Five pollination mechanisms were investigated as treatments on the four accessions. The four accessions set fruits and seeds in four treatments: plants left to open-pollination (A), plants isolated with fine net mesh (B), artificially selfed flowers (C) and inter-varietal cross-pollination (D). Emasculated flowers which were not pollinated (treatment E) produced neither fruit nor seed. Treatment A differed significantly (P<0.05) from B, likewise C and D. Fruit set percentage was higher in A (19.7-21.2) than B (18.3–18.7). Higher pollination/fertilization success (46.5%) was obtained in C compared to 32.3% in D. More seeds (88.6%) were set by self-pollination. The four accessions had a mean selfing rate of 89.8% and an outcrossing rate of 10.17%. The observed 1:9 allogamy: autogamy in this study could form the basis for developing the breeding strategy for the genetic improvement of AYB via hybridization.
Metrics
References
Adewale BD, Amazue EU (2018). Floral maturation indices of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst Ex. A. Rich) harms (Fabaceae). Notulae Scientia Biologicae 10(1):102-106.
Adewale BD (2010). African yam bean: a food security crop? IITA R4D Review 4:54-56.
Adewale BD, Dumet DJ, Vroh-Bi I, Kehinde OB, Ojo DK, Adegbite AE, Franco J (2012). Morphological diversity analysis of African yam bean and prospects for utilization in germplasm conservation and breeding. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 59:927-936.
Adewale BD, Vroh-Bi I, Dumet DJ, Nnadi S, Kehinde OB, Ojo DK, Adegbite AE, Franco J (2015). Genetic diversity in African yam bean accessions based on AFLP markers: towards a platform for germplasm improvement and utilization. Plant Genetic Resources Characterization and Utilization 13:111-118.
Arroyo MTK (1981). Breeding systems and pollination biology of Leguminosae. In: Polhill RM, Raven PH (Eds). Advances in legume systematics. Proceedings of the International Legume Conference, 1978. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp 723-769.
Bawa KS (1992). Mating systems, genetic differentiation and speciation in tropical rain forest plants. Biotropica 24:250-255.
Becerra JX, Lloyd DG (1992). Competition dependent abscission of self-pollinated flowers of Phormum tenax (Agavaceae); a second action of self-incompatibility at the whole flower level. Evolution 46:458-469.
Brandenburg A, Dell’Olivo A, Bshary R, Kuhlemeier C (2009). The sweetest thing: Advances in nectar research. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 12:486-490.
Buishand T (1956). The crossing of beans. Euphytica 5:41-50.
Charlesworth D, Charlesworth B (1987). Inbreeding depression and its evolutionary consequences. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics18:237-268.
Chourykaew B, Khunwasi C, Boonkerd T, Seelanan T (2004). Floral visitors and fruit set in Afgekia sericea Craib (Fabaceae). The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 4:31-44.
Crane E, Walker P (1984). Pollination directory for world crops. International Bee Research Association (IBRA), London.
Dafni A (1992). Pollination ecology: a practical approach. IRL Press, Oxford.
Dobrenz AK, Beetle AA (1966). Cleistogenes in Danthonia. Journal of Range Management 9:292-296.
Duke JA (1981). Handbook of legume of world economic importance. Plenum Press, New York.
Faegri K, Van der Pijl L (1979). The principles of pollination ecology. Oxford Pergamon, New York.
Frakel R, Galum E (1977). Pollination mechanisms, reproduction and plant breeding. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Gomez KA, Gomez AA (1984). Statistical procedure for agricultural research. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Guebitz T, Hoballah ME, Dell’Olivo A, Kuhlemeier C (2009). Petunia as a model system for the genetics and evolution of pollination syndromes. In: Gerats T, Strommer J (Eds). Petunia. Springer, New York, pp 29-49.
Johnson SD, Steiner KE (2000). Generalization versus specialization in plant pollination systems. Trend in Ecology and Evolution 15:140-143.
Karron JD (1987). A comparison of levels of genetic polymorphism and self-compatibility in geographically restricted and widespread plant congeners. Evolution and Ecology 1:47-58.
Lush WM (1979). Floral morphology of wild and cultivated cowpeas. Economic Botany 33:442-447.
Maxted N, Mabuza-Diamini P, Moss S, Padulosi S, Jarvis A, Guarino L (2004). An ecogeographic study. African Vigna. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, pp 51.
Moyib OK, Gbadegesin MA, Aina OO, Odunola AO (2008). Genetic variation within a collection of Nigerian accessions of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) revealed by RAPD primers. African Journal of Biotechnology 7:1839-1846.
Myers GO (1996). Hand crossing of Cowpea. IITA Research Guide 42:15-20.
Ogunbodede BA (1990). Reproductive efficiency in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) in southwestern Nigeria. Scientia Horticulturae 42:219-224.
Ojuederie OB, Balogun MO, Fawole I, Igwe DO, Olowolafe MO (2014). Assessment of the genetic diversity of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst ex. A. Rich Harms) accessions using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. African Journal of Biotechnology 13:1850-1858.
Proctor M, Yeo P, Lack A (1996). The natural history of pollination. Harper Collins Publishers, London.
Sahai K (2009). Reproductive biology of two speciess of Canavalia DC (Fabaceae)- a non-convectional wild legume. Flora 204:762-768.
Suso MJ, Rio R (2015). A crop–pollinator inter-play approach to assessing seed production patterns in faba bean under two pollination environments. Euphytica 201:231-251.
Tandon R, Shivanna KR, Mohan-Ram HY (2003). Reproductive biology of Butea monosperma (Fabaceae). Annals of Botany 92:715-723.
Zapata TR, Arroyo MTK (1978). Plant reproductive ecology of a secondary deciduous tropical forest in Venezuela. Biotropica 10:221-230.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Papers published in Notulae Scientia Biologicae are Open-Access, distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
© Articles by the authors; licensee SMTCT, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright/to retain publishing rights without restriction.
License:
Open Access Journal - the journal offers free, immediate, and unrestricted access to peer-reviewed research and scholarly work, due SMTCT supports to increase the visibility, accessibility and reputation of the researchers, regardless of geography and their budgets. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.